Result of Language Article Review

Question: Describe about the Result of Language for Article Review. Answer: Introduction The text comes up as a result of a language. One cannot compose any piece of text without the presence of a language. Hence, a text is defined as any reliable stretch of spoken or written language whereas language is defined as a system of meanings followed by ways in which these meanings can be easily expressed. However, when writing various texts, not most of the people can follow the necessary styles that should be followed. In fact, most of the people use wrong grammar in constructing their sentences, hence, leading to wrong text. A good piece of text should have the references, proper use of conjunctions, coherence, and good grammar structure. Most of the time focus on the grammar structures put, and these key issues are forgotten. Each of them plays a role in the text and hence should be put into consideration. A written article was picked to help individuals understand the importance of language and below is a brief summary of the article and my opinion about the article. According to the articles point of view, a text is a bona fide stretch of spoken or written language. Historically, the act of learning linguistic entailed studying the meaning of texts in a given statement as well as finding out the meaning of a text. Ideally, the primary objective of these learning was to identify meanings in the type of language used. As such, the author in her article primarily focuses on analyzing the textual features of meaning via cohesion. Besides, the article analyzes the principles of lexical cohesion, conjunction, ellipsis, substitution, and referencing with the primary objective of demonstrating the significance of the cohesive aspects in texts which enhance the meaning of a sentence. The earlier mentioned principles are as detailed below. The principles of Cohesion As per the author, grammar rather than cohesion is essential in enhancing structure in the text. Cohesion is defined as the non-structural text-forming ties. Cohesion as a concept in the text is connected to relations of meaning or semantic ties. A tie refers to the mentioning of an item more than once in a text. Minus semantic ties, there is a lack of a relationship between utterances or sentences within a text. Referencing Referencing in a written text that indicates how participants are introduced by the author and how they are maintained throughout the statement. The article identifies three major categories of referencing including exophoric referencing, homophoric referencing, and endophoric referencing. Homophoric referencing is the information shared through the lens of culture whereas endophoric referencing is the retrieved data within a particular text and is divided into esphoric, cataphoric, and anaphoric. Exophoric referencing, on the other hand, is the information obtained from the immediate context. The author also identifies three types of cohesive references including comparative, demonstrative, and personal references. Personal references make use of nouns such as hers, his, yours, and mine. Demonstrative references, on the other hand, makes use of proximity references including the, then, there, here, those, that, these, and this. Comparative reference utilizes adjectives including bet ter, else, different, similar, equal, and same. Ellipses and Substitution The above are utilized whenever a writer or speaker wants to shun the duplication of a lexical term. The use of substitution or ellipsis allows the author to classify texts into three including clausal, verbal, and nominal. However, whenever an item is substituted within the text, it is important to maintain the initial meaning. The verb do or do so is often utilized in verbal substitution. The reference items including that and it go hand in hand with the verb do. Conjunction Conjunction refers to the cohesive tie that exists between text sections or clause with the primary objective of demonstrating a meaningful pattern. Conjunction acts as a semantic cohesive tie within the written text and is divided into four categories including temporal, causal, adversative, and addictive conjunction. Addictive conjunction use words such as additionally, furthermore, and also. Adversative conjunctions include rather, in fact, but, only, though, and yet. Causal conjunction uses phrases such as because, for, then, so, as a result, for this reason, and in this respect where as conjunctive category include signals such as next day, after that, next, then, until then, at this point, and at the same time. Lexical Cohesion Lexical cohesion is the cohesive effect realized by the identification of a vocabulary and is categorized into two: Collocation and reiteration. The later entails the duplication of a lexical item via the utilization of a superordinate or synonym. Collocation, on the other hand, takes into consideration the lexical items that might be used together within a similar text. The article notes that collocation results when two words do not necessarily rely upon the similar semantic relationship. On the contrary, they occur within an identical lexical environment. Personal Opinion about the Article The article is well written, and the writer was in a position to use linguistic styles that are used when writing any text. The author in the introductory paragraph provides a detailed overview of the subject under discussion. For instance, the author in the introductory paragraph defines text for her target audience so that they can understand the context of the paper. Additionally, she provides her target audience with the historical background of linguistic. For instance, she contends that the historical study of language was characterized by studying language morphology as well as the meaning of texts utilized in a sentence. The article uses various themes to enhance the flow of ideas. Some of the major themes used in the article include the principles of cohesion, referencing, substitution and ellipsis and lexical conjunction. Other themes analyzed by the article include conjunction and text analysis. These themes are well explained using simple language. For instance, the autho r starts by explaining each theme before providing its in-depth analysis. She defines cohesion as text-forming relations that are non-structural in nature. She also explains the function of referencing which is to indicate how the participants are introduced by the writer and how they are cited throughout the text. She also provides the different categories of referencing including endophoric referencing, exophoric referencing, and homorphoric referencing. Each of these referencing styles is explained in details to enhance readers understanding. All other themes are also explained in detail and in simple language. From the explanations, it is evident that the author is well conversant with the topic. The authors thesis statement is very strong and is well supported throughout the article. In the thesis statement, the author argues that comprehending how cohesion works to establish semantic links within text is essential for students who study English as a foreign or second language. Understanding cohesion functions helps them in decoding the meaning presented in the text. The author uses a wide range of sources to substantiate her claims. However, the sources are only limited to books but related to the subject under discussion. Some of the books utilized include An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics by Eggins and The Functional Analysis of English by Blood. Despite the fact that the books talk about the issue being discussed by the article, they are not current because some of them date back to 1976 whereas other are between 1992 and 1995. The use of outdated references jeopardizes the content of information provided. All in all, the article tries to link the knowledge and skills used in English language and linguistics to real life situations. Good grammatical sentences should be made when writing any text or article. Equally, references should support all historical writings. Similarly, there are various referencing styles used in the English language well as linguistics. Moreover, the article states how people should reference their a rticles. As such, linguistic skills should be respected and individuals should learn them by reading various articles/books. Reference Crane, P.A. (2008). Texture in Text: A Discourse Analysis of a News Article Using Halliday and Hasans Model of Cohesion. Al-Faith Journal, 64(89), 131-153 Article: Crane, P.A. (2008). Texture in Text: A Discourse Analysis of a News Article Using Halliday and Hasans Model of Cohesion. Al-Faith Journal, 64(89), 131-153